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H. BORMANN. l APPARATUS POR MAKING ROFING FABRICS. NO. 427,147. tented May '18901 MW/, VMM

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(No Model.) 2 Sheets-Sheet 2. H. BORMANN. APPARATUS POR MAKING ROOPING FABRICSl` e4-maw M Z I Patented May 6, 1890.

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i UNITED STATES HERMANN BORMANN, OF PHILADELPHIA, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOR, BY MESNE ASSIGNMENTS, TO J. WALTER DOUGLASS, OE SAME PLACE.

SPECIFICATION forming part of Letters Patent No. 427,14*?, dated May 6, 1890.

Application filed December 6,1889. Serial No. 332,744. (No model.)

To all whom, it may concern:

Be it known that I, HERMANN BORMANN, a subject of the Emperor of Germany, but now residing at the city of Philadelphia, in the county of Philadelphia and State of Pennsylvania, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Apparatus for Making Roofing Fabrics, of which the following isa speciiication.

My invention relates to the manufacture of a silica-coated two or more ply roofing fabric provided with a marginal edge or edges.

Heretofore roofing fabrics composed of felt or paper have generally been prepared by first coating the entire surface of the sheet of felt or paper with tar or pitch or permitting the tar or pitch to permeate the body thereof, and thenapplying to the under side a sheet of burlap or other somewhat similar material and to the upper surface a coating of sand after the saturated or tar-coated sheet had become more or less cool; but one of the most serious objections experienced in the use of such fabrics has been the difficulty of secur` ing in the uniting of one sheety to a-nother a perfectly-tight joint.

The principal object of my invention is to provide apparatus of comparatively simple construction, and in which the arrangement of the parts is such that either two, three, or more ply fabrics with uncoated marginal sides or edges may be economically obtained for roofing and other similar purposes, and of such character as to enable one sheet to be readily united to another to form perfect water-tight joints and an even and smooth roof both in appearance and in fact.

My invention consists of the novel arrangement of apparatus for obtaining a two or more ply marginal-edged silica-coated roofing fabric, an d such apparatus having relation, first, to the mode of applying to or saturating felt or paper with tar, pitch, or other somewhat analogous material or substances, and, second, to the mode of applying to the tarred or saturated fabric a silica and allowing the same to become firmly embedded therein adjacent to the marginal edge or edges, whichl are maintained intact or free from pitch, tar, or other substances.

roofing fabric.

view thereof. Fig. 3 is a vertical longitudinal section through an organized plant eni-` bodying the features of my invention, and especially adapted for ,making a three-ply Fig. 4L is a top or plan vienr thereof; and Fig. 5 is a detail view of one of the sectional or recessed coating-rollers par tially immersed in a vat containing hot tar, pitch, or other material for coating one surface of a sheet of felt or paper.

Referring to the drawings for a further description'of my invention, A is a furnace hav- .l

ing a grate Ct in the lower part thereof. Above the grate a is provided a chamber ct', within which is supported a tank B, adapted to contain tar, pitch, or other material to be melted or heated for use. C is the draft pipe or flue connected with the chamber a', and eXtending beneath a frame or rack D and upward adjacent to a hopper E, as hereinafter more fully described. v

One end of the frame or rack D, Figs. l and 2, is mounted on and rests against the top of the furnace A. The lower longitudinal tievpiece or Stringer d of said frame or rackD is provided with a roller F, adapted to contain a sheetof felt or paper 1. Guide-rollers f and f are arranged on opposite sides of a vat g, suspended from saidtie-pieces CZ into the tank B, and adapted to permit of heated tar or pitch being introduced therein. Above the vat g, and journaled ,to said longitudinal pieces d, is a plain-surfaced roller G, one portion of which extends partially into said vat. The roller Gis adapted to coat the under side of the sheet of felt or paper l, caused to pass from the roller F over the guide-ro1ler f, and after said sheet of felt or paper is coated by its passage over the roller G, the sheet is caused to pass under the guide-roller f', ad-

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jacent thereto, and the end of said sheet of felt or paper l is then united with the end of a similar sheet of felt or paper 2 wound around the roller Il, from whence the two united sheets of felt or paper with the coating of hot tar or pitch between them are conducted .downward under the iianged guide-roller t, and thence over a sectional or recessed coating-roller I, partially immersed in a vat h containing hot tar or pitch and suspended from the tie-piece CZ, coating the under side or surface of the two united sheets, whence they pass under the flanged guide-roller i', and thence pass upward and along over a series of plain-surfaced rollers j, journaled to the frame or rack D at suitable distances apart to a point under a pivotally-supported hopper E, provided with a perforated bottom e. The hopper E, containing` a silica or other similar material, and capable of being readily reciprocated, deposits the silica onto the tarre'd upper suface of the united sheets of felt or paper, and is then caused to pass onward between the rollers Z and Z whereby the silica becomes firmly fixed to or in the tarred upper surface of the product, and it is then wound around or laid up for use on a roller M, suitably journaled to standards m and m', Fig. '2. This roller M has mounted on one of the journals thereof a crank m2 for actuating the same. The tar coated or saturated two-plyfabric is maintained in a heated condition bythe waste or draft, heat from the furnace passing through the flue C until the silica has been deposited thereon; and the product becoming cool after its passage between the rollers Z and Z at the forward extremity of the rack D, the tarred sheets are not only firmly pressed together, but thesilica deposited on the tarred upper surface of the sheets is firmly embedded therein lengthwise and contiguous to the marginal edge or edges thereof, while the latter is or are free from'the tar or other material. 'ihe flanged rollers t' and t', disposed on opposite sides of the sectional or recessed coating-roller I, are for the purpose of guiding the united sheets of felt or paper l and 2 over the coating-roller I andv to insure a marginal edge of the proper or required width being given to the fabric.

In Fig. 3 is illustrated a plant especially adapted to making of a three-ply marginaledged roofing fabric. In this View, A is the furnace provided with a grate a. d is a chamber located above said grate and within which is mounted a tank B. C is a draft iue or pipe connected with said furnace and extending along beneath the frame or rack D, and thence upward adjacent to the hopper Il. The rack D is provided with a rear extension D', which is mounted on the furnace A, and to which is suitably j ournaled a roller F, carrying a sheet of felt or paper l. II is a second roller journaled to the rear extension D of said rack and carrying a sheet of felt or paper 2. II is a third roller journaled to said extension D and carrying a sheet of felt or paper 3. 71,

is a vat containing hot tar, pitch, or other preferred material. This vat is suspended from the extension D of the rack D. I is a sectional or recessed coating-roller, one part of which is partially immersed in said vat 71., and the other part thereof is located outside of said vat. z' and t" are two flanged guide-rollers disposed on opposite sides of said sectional coating-roller I.v j is an upper guideroller, around which the sheet of felt or paper 3 passes from the flanged guide-roller t" to the roller f, j ournaled in the rear extremity of the forward extension of the rack D. j are a series of rollers loosely journaled in the standard or rack D, and along over which the united tar-coated sheets of felt or paper l, 2, and 3 pass from the respective rollers F, II, and II to and under the hopper E, to receive through the perforated bottom c thereof the deposit of silica or other preferred material, and while maintained in a heated condition by the waste heat passing through the draft flue or pipe C, located underneath or contiguous to said rack D. 'Ihethree-ply fabric, after receiving the silica from the hopper E capable of being readily reciprocated, is conducted between the rollers Z and Z at the forward extremity of the rack D to the roller M, and Wound or laid up thereon for use by means of a crank m2 attached to one of the journals of said roller. This roller is mounted in suitable standards m and m', as clearly shown in Fig. 4.

The mode of making a two-ply silica-coated roofing fabric with a marginal edge or edges in apparatus of the type illustrated in Figs. l and 2 may be explained as follows: A fire is started on the grate CZ of the furnace A, which heats or melts the tar or pitch contained in the tank B. The vats g and h, suspended from the tie-piece CZ of the rack D, are then filled with hot tar or pitch, with the coating-roller G and the sectional or recessed coating-roller I partially immersed therein. The felt or paper l, wound around the roller F, is passed under the guide-roller f, thence over the coating-roller G, partially immersed in the Vat g, and under the guide-rollerf, whence the sheet, coated on the under side thereof, is united with the end of an uncoated sheet of felt or paper 2, Wound around the roller H, whence the two sheets are conducted under the flanged guide-roller t' and upward over the coating-roller I, then under the flanged guide-roller QI', and then upward over one of a series of rollers j, suitablyjournaled to the rack D, and thence conducted along over the series of rollers j, to and under the hopper E, actuated in any preferred manner to cause the silica to be deposited on and in the upper coated surface of the united sheets of felt or paper l and 2 while maintained in a more or less heated condition by the waste heat from the draft-flue C of the furnace. The fabric, after receiving the silica or other material, is then caused to pass between the rollers Z and Z in the front extremity of the roc IIO

rack D, and laid up in the form of a roll around the roller IWI, journaled in the standards m and m', by revolving the crank m2 in any preferred manner. The flanged rollers t' and t', located on opposite sides of the sectional or recessed coating-roller I, guide the sheet of felt or paper to free the same from the tar, pitch, or other material or substances along the edge or edges thereof on either one or both sides, thereby leaving the fabric with a marginal edge or edges, according to the particular construction and arrangement of the coating-roller I. This coating-roller -I may be either recessed on one or both ends, as may be required, and the iinished product formed with either a marginal edge on one or both sides of the fabric, extending the entire length thereof.

The mode of making a three-ply silicacoated roofing fabric with a marginal edge or edges in an apparatus of the type illustrated in Figs. 3 and le may be explained as follows: A fire is started on the grate a of the furnace A, and when the tank B, containing pitch, tar, or other material, is heated or melted, the vat h is filled with a sufcient quantity of tar or pitch to partially immerse the sectional or recessed coating roller I therein.- The sheet of felt or paper 2, Wound around the roller H, is conducted in any preferred manner downward around the roller o, journaled to the standards Z2 of the rear extension D of the rack D, and th ence upward to the roller .7'2 at the rear extremity of the forward extension of the rack D, where it is united with the end of the sheet of felt or paper l from the roller F. The end of the sheet of felt' or paper 3 from the roller H is then led under the iianged roller t', then over the sectional. or recessed coating-roller I, thence downward under the flanged roller t', and then upward around a roller j to a point of union with the ends of the sheets l and 2 at the roller The three united sheets of felt or paper are then conducted along over the series of rollers j, loosely journaled to the rack D, to and under the hopper E, receiving the silica from the same through the perforated bottom e thereof, and from which point the united and silica-coated fabric having a plain-surfaced marginal edge on one or both sides thereof is conducted between the two4 rollersZ and Z at vthe forward extremity of the rack D, whereby the silica becomes firmly fixed to and embedded in saidv fabric contiguous to its longitudinal margin or margins. After passing between the rollers Z and Z, the fabric is laid up or wound around the roller M, jou rn aled in the standards m and fm', by the actuation of the crank m2, mounted on one of the extremities of said roller M.

It will be seen from the arrangement of the apparatus, as shown and described, that the tar coated or saturated fabric is maintained in a more or less heated condition until after the saine has received the silica or similar material on the upper coated surface, which latter adheres more thoroughly than if it had been deposited thereon after the fabric had become partially cold; and, moreover, the method hereinbefore described of making such fabrics is more economical than those heretofore practiced, and the product obtained far superior in many respects-that is to say, a roof composed of sheets of such a fabric may be laid without fear of leaking, as by providing each sheet with a longitudinal marginal edge or edges perfect unions or joints of one sheet with another can be readily made and a smooth and even roof presented without overlapping silica-coated seams or joints, as has been the case in using fabrics as Vpreviously made for roofing purposes.

Having thus described the nature and objects of my invention, what I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a plant for making a roofing fabric, the combination of a furnace provided with a chamber, a tank adapted to contain a material or materials to be melted or heated supported therein, a rack supported on and extending beyond said furnace and provided with a series of rollers, a reciprocating hopper, a draft-pipe connected with said furnace and extending beneath said rack and contiguous to said hopper, f eed-rollers, plain-surfaced and flanged guide-rollers, and sectional or re- I cessed coating-rollers journaled to said rack, substantially as and for the purposes described.'

2. In a plant for makinga marginal-edged silica-coated roofing fabric, the combination, with a furnace provided with a tank containing a material, a draft flue or pipe located in proximity to a rack provided with rollers, along which the treated material is caused to travel to a laying-up roller, feed-rollers and guide-rollers j ournaled to said rack, sectional or recessed coating-rollers journaled to said rack and partially immersed in vats containing a material in a heated state, and a reciprocating hopper provided with a perforated bottom located above said racksubstantially as described.

3. In a plant for making a marginal-edged silica-coated roofing fabric, the combination of a tank adapted to receive pitch, tar, or other material, feed-rollers arranged to permit of the coating of both sides of the sheet or sheets of felt or paper, a roller adapted to permit of the feeding of a sheet'of .felt or paper to the under lside of said saturated sheet, a feedroller adapted to permit of the feeding of a IOO IIO

sheet to the upper side of said saturated sheet,

4. In a plant for making a marginal-edged one or more recessed coating-rollers,substan- 1c silica-coatedrooflng fabric, the combination, tially as and for the purposes described.

with a furnace provided with a tank adapted In Witness whereof I have hereunto set my to contain tar, pitch, or other material, a rack signature in the presence of two subscribing 5 provided With a series of rollers journaled Witnesses.

thereto, a draft-pipe connected with said fur- HERMANN BORMANN. nace and extending beneath said rack, a hopl/Vitnesses: per provided with a perforated bottom, feed GEO. WV. REED,

and guide rollers journaled to said rack, and lTHOMAS M. SMITH. 

